Geeta

Yada yada hi dharmasya Glanir bhavati bharata Abhyutthanam adharmasya Tadatmanam srjamy aham~ Bhagavad Gita (Chapter IV-7)
TRANSLATION
Whenever and wherever there is decay of righteousness, O Bharata,And a rise of unrighteousness then I manifest Myself!

Hits Of 2000 Cotnd....

1) Ishq Samundar – Kaante (2002)
2) Rama Re (Remix) – Kaante (2002)
3) Kaho Na Pyar Hai – Kaho Na Pyar Hai (2000)
4) Na Tum Jaano Na Hum – Kaho Na Pyar Hai (2000)
5) Zindagi Ban Gaye Ho Tum – Kasoor (2001)
6) Mit Jaye – Kidnap (2008)
7) Move Your Body Now – Kismat Konnection (2008)
8) Pyar Mein Sau Uljhanein Hain – Kyon Ho Gaya Na
9) Pal Pal Har Pal – Lage Raho Munna Bhai (2006)
10) Jaan Meri Jaa Rahi – Lucky – No Time For Love (2005)
11) Sun Zara – Lucky – No Time For Love (2005)
12) Main Hoon Na – Main Hoon Na (2004)
13) Tum Se Milke Dil Ka Hai Jo Haal – Main Hoon Na (2004)
14) Tumhe Jo Maine Dekha – Main Hoon Na (2004)
15) Gori Gori – Main Hoon Na (2004)
16) Chale Jaise Hawain – Main Hoon Na (2004)
17) Chori Chori Chhora Chhori – Masti (2004)
18) Humko Humen Se Churalo – Mohabbatein (2000)
19) Zinda Rehti Hain Mohabbatein – Mohabbatein (2000)
20) Subah Ho Gayi – Munna Bhai M.B.B.B.S (2003)
21) Kaho Na Kaho – Murder (2004)
22) Bheegy Hoont – Murder (2004)
23) Ajab Si – Om Shanti Om (2007)
24) Main Agar Kahoon – Om Shanti Om (2007)
25) You’re My Love – Partner (2007)
26) Soni De Nakhre – Partner (2007)
27) Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani – Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani (2000)
28) Banke Tera Jogi - Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani (2000)
29) I am The Best – Male - Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani (2000)
30) Kuch To Bata - Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani (2000)
31) Ai Meri Zohara Jabeen – Phir Hera Pheri (2006)
32) Race Saason Ki – Race (2008)
33) Pehli Nazar Mein – Race (2008)
34) Zara Zara Dhadakta Hai – Rehna Hai Tere Dil Mein (2001)
35) Salame Ishq – Salame – E - Ishq – A Tribute To Love (2006)
36) Tumhare Siva – Tum Bin (2001)
37) Main Yahaan Hoon – Veer Zaara (2006)
38) Who Lamhe (Remix) – Zeher (2005)

Hits Of 2000

1) Aashiq Banaya Aapne – Aashiq Banaya Aapne (2005)
2) Aap Ki Kashish remix - Aashiq Banaya Aapne (2005)
3) Dilnashin Dilnashin - Aashiq Banaya Aapne (2005)
4) Mehbooba Mehbooba – Ajnabee (2001)
5) Meri Zindagi Mein – Ajnabee (2001)
6) Mohabbat Naam Hai Kiska – Ajnabee (2001)
7) San Sana – Ashoka (2001)
8) O Re Kanchi – Ashoka (2001)
9) Dil Mein Baji Guitar – Apna Sapna Money Money (2006)
10) Chali Chali – Baghban (2003)
11) Ek Bewafa Hai – Bewafa (2004)
12) Main Chala – Black and White (2008)
13) Sabse Bada Rupaiyya – Bluffmaster (2005)
14) Right Here Right Now – Bluffmaster (2005)
15) Cash – Cash (2007)
16) Tauba Tumhare Yeh Ishare – Chalte Chalte (2003)
17) Suno Na Suno Na – Chalte Chalte (2003)
18) Dekhne Walon Ne – Chori Chori Chupke Chupke (2001)
19) Khallas – Company (2002)
20) Ganda Hai – Company (2002)
21) Tum Dil Ki Dhadkan Mein – Dhadkan (2000)
22) Dil Ne Yeh Kaha Hai Dil Se – Dhadkan (2000)
23) Miss India Martee Hai Mujhpe – Dhamaal (2007)
24) Dil Chahta Hai – Dil Chahta Hai (2001)
25) Jaane Kyon – Dil Chahta Hai (2001)
26) Who Ladki Hai Kahan – Dil Chahta Hai (2001)
27) Kaisi Hai Yeh Rut – Dil Chahta Hai (2001)
28) Koi Kahe Kehta Rahe – Dil Chahta Hai (2001)
29) Tanhayee – Dil Chahta Hai (2001)
30) Dil Laga Liya – Dil Hai Tumhara (2002)
31) Dil Hai Tumhara – Dil Hai Tumhara (2002)
32) Kasam Kha Ke Kaho – Dil Hai Tumhara (2002)
33) Main Hoon Don – Don – The Chase Begins Again (2006)
34) Dus Bahane (Ext) – Dus (2005)
35) Main Nikla Gaddi – Gadar (2001)
36) Tu Hi Meri Shab Hai – Gangster – A Love Story (2006)
37) Aisa Pehli Bar Hua Hai – Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega (2000)
38) Piya Piya O Piya – Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega (2000)
39) Ek Garam Chai Ki Pyali – Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega (2000)
40) Bang Bang Bang – Hello (2008)
41) Judai – Jannat (2008)
42) Apum Bola – Josh (2000)
43) Hai Mera Dil – Josh (2000)
44) Hum Tu Dil Se Hare – Josh (2000)

Rava Dosa

Rava Dosa
Ingredients:Dosa rice 2 cups
Maida 1 cup
Wheat sooji 1 cup
Onion 1
Ginger 1 inch piece
Green chillies 2-3
Salt
Oil

Method:Soak rice for around one hour. Grind with salt. Keep this batter for around 5-6hours. Add maida and sooji. Add finely chopped onion, ginger and chillies. Add sufficient water and make dosas. Serve with coconut chutney.(Preferably soak sooji also for 2-3 hrs)

Lemon Curd Recipie

Lemon Curd (Microwave) Recipe By : Microwave Gourmet by Barbara Kafka
Serving Size : 1 Preparation Time :0:00 Categories :
1/4 pound butter -- unsalted
1/2 cup sugar
1/4 cup lemon juice -- fresh
2 tablespoons lemon peel -- grated
3 eggs

Place butter, sugar, juice and zest together in a 4-cup glass measure. Cover tightly with microwave plastic wrap. Cook at 100% for 4 minutes. Remove from oven , uncover and stir well. Whisk 1/4 cup of lemon mixture into the eggs to warm t hem. Whisking constantly, pour egg mixture back into remaining lemon mixture. C ook uncovered at 100% for 2 minutes. Remove from oven and whisk until smooth. C ook for 2 minutes longer. Remove from oven and immediately pour into the workbo wl of a food processor . Process for 30 seconds until smooth. Cool before serving.

Key To Oldies

Key To Oldies

Popular Oldies are the ones that you could sing for competitions like Sa Re Ga Ma and others. These are raaga based. However, you would have to select from these again for which type of raaga you want to choose like maybe rag malhar, or bhairavi or pahaadi. There are sub categories in each raaga and if you have the proper guidance you could select based on the sub categories. If not, you could select the song which has more depth of meaning along with good music and enough up and down of the main lyrics.

Most of the people who won competitions in Sa Re Ga Ma sang some of these songs like Phoolon Ke Rang Se, Raat Kali Ek Khwab Mein Aayi, Naino Mein Badra Chaaye etc.

More Oldies

1) Pholon Ke Rang Se
2) Ruk Jana Nahin Tum Kahin Har Ke
3) Teri Duniya Se Hoke Majboor Chala
4) Khilte Hain Gul Yahan
5) Rimjhim Gire Saawan
6) Zindagi Ke Safar Mein
7) Bachna Ae Haseeno
8) Sara Zamana
9) Aise Na Mujhe Tum Dekho
10) Kiska Rasta Dekhe Ae Dil Hai Saudai
11) Mere Naina Sawan Bhadon Phir Bhi Mera Man Pyasa
12) Dil Haye Mera Dil
13) Kehna Hai
14) Raat Kali Ek Khwab Mein Ayi
15) Who Shaam Kuch Ajeeb Thi
16) Yuhi Tum Mujhse Baat Karti Ho
17) Din Sara Guzara Tore Angana
18) Yeh Zindagi Usiki Hai
19) Jiya Brqarar Hai
20) Dil Apna Aur Preet Parayi
21) Man Dole Mera Tan Dole
22) Lag Ja gale Ke Phir Ye Hasin Raat
23) Naino Mein Badra Chaye
24) Bequaraar Karke Humein
25) Jaane Who Kaise Log The Jinko
26) Zara Nazaron Se Kehdo Ji
27) Akele Akele Kahan Ja Rahe Ho
28) Oh Jiya O Kuch To Bol Do
29) Khoys Khoys Chand Khula Aasman
30) Tujhe Kya Sunaon Mein Dilruba
31) Aap Ke Haseen Rukh Pe Aaj Naya Noor Hai
32) Ab Kya Misal Doon
33) Baharon Phool Barsao
34) Dil Jo Na Keh Saka
35) Gaye Ja Geet Milan Ke
36) Main Pal Do Pal Ka Shayar Hoon
37) Barsat Mein Hum Se Mile Tum Sajan Tum
38) Yeh Shaam Ki Tanhaaiyan
39) Tu Pyar Ka Sagar Hai
40) Mera Joota Hai Japani
41) Zindagi Khwab Hai
42) Musafir Hoon Yaron
43) Aaj Kal Paun Zameen Par

Key to Memorable Songs

Memorable songs are the ones that I listen more often to and they comprise of songs from the 50’s, 60’s 70’s, 80’s and 90’s. These songs have been listed out in order of the movie they are from. And the movies are arranged alphabetically. All songs from each movie are given together and I suggest you do not listen to them in that order necessarily.

Songs could be recorded either according to particular mood or raaga, or as duets and singles, or according to their tempo or maybe genre.

I usually listen to them according to tempo. If you wish to practise singing then you could start with similar toned songs. If you are a seasoned singer then you could sing to songs according to tempo, which is not easy at all. If you are a professional you could sing to different tempos one after the other and try to get the tune right each time you switch which is just as difficult.
Hope you enjoy my selection of memorable songs.

Popular Oldies

1) Khoya Khoya Chand Khula Aasman
2) E Gulbadan
3) Dil Ka Bhawar Kare Pukar
4) Pukarta Chala Hoon Main
5) Tumne Mujhe Dekha Hokar Meherbaan
6) Na Ja Khain Ab Na Ja
7) Yeh Reshmi Zulfen
8) Tum Jo Mil Gaye Ho
9) Aaj Mausam Bada Maiman Hai
10) Naina Lad Jaihen
11) Chahe Koi Muhje Junglee Kahe
12) Man Re Tu Kahe Na Dheer Dhare
13) Main Zindagi Ka Saath Nibhaata Chala Gaya
14) Teri Ankhon Ke Siva
15) Abhi Na Jao Chodkar
16) Bahut Shukria Badi Meherbaani
17) Maang Ke Saath Tumhara
18) Bhali Bhali Si Ek Surat
19) Yeh Raaten Yeh Mausam
20) Jaanu Jannu Ri
21) Reshmi Shalwar Kurta Jali Ka
22) Jawan Hai Mohabbat
23) Awaz De Kahan Hai
24) Jalte Hain Jiske Liye
25) Ae Mere Dil Kahin Aur Chal
26) Kahin Deep Jale Kahin Dil
27) Ayega Aanewala
28) Who Bhooli Dastan
29) Yaad Kiya Dil Ne
30) Chookar Mere Man Ko
31) Sama Hai Suhana
32) Koi Humdum Na Raha
33) Hum Bewafa Hargiz Na The
34) O Mere Dil Ke Chain
35) Khwab Ho Tum Ya Koi Haqeeqat
36) Aaj Unse Pehli Mulakaat Hogi
37) Tum Bin Jaun Kahan
38) Dil Aaj Shayar
39) Bhawre Ki Gunjan Hai Mera Man
40) Chala Jata Hoon Kisi Ki Dhun Mein
41) Jeevan Se Bhari
42) Ye Jeevan Hai
43) Zindagi Pyar Ka Geet Hai
44) Humein Tumse Pyar Kitna

More Songs Continued

1) Jo Baat Tujh Mein Hai – Taj Mahal
2) O Haseena Zulfon Wali – Teesri Manzil
3) Aaja Aaja Main Hoon Pyar Tera – Teesri Manzil
4) O Mere Sona – Teesri Manzil
5) Deewana Mujhsa Nahin – Teesri Manzil
6) Main Inpe Marta Hoon – Teesri Manzil
7) Tumne Mujhe Dekha – Teesri Manzil
8) Do Lafzon Ki Hai Dil Ki Kahani – The Great Gambler
9) Gali Gali Mein – Tridev
10) Gazar Ne Kiya Hai – Tridev
11) Mein Teri Mohabbat Mein – Tridev
12) Oye Oye – Tridev
13) Raat Bhar Jaam Se – Tridev
14) Tirchche Naino Wali – Tridev
15) Tum Se Aachcha Kaun Hai – Tum Se Achcha Kaun Hai
16) Zindagi Jab Bhi – Umrao Jaan
17) Dil Cheez Kaya Hai – Umrao Jaan
18) In Aankhon Ki Masti – Umrao Jaan
19) Justaju Jiski Thi – Umrao Jaan
20) Yeh Kya Jahah Hai - Umrao Jaan
21) Qasme Wade Pyar Wafa – Upkar
22) Mere Desh Ki Dharti – Upkar
23) Payalen Chunmum Chunmun – Virasat
24) Dhol Bajne Laga – Virasat
25) Mere Pyar Ki Umar Ho – Waaris
26) Ay Meri Zoher Jabeen – Waqt
27) Chra Liya Hai – Yadoon Ki Baraat
28) Lekar Hum – Yadon Ki Baraat
29) Yaadon Ki Baraat – Yaadon Ki Baraat
30) Meri Soni Meri Tamanna – Yaadon Ki Baraat
31) Aap Ke Kamare Mein – Yaadon Ki Baraat
32) Dekho Zara Dekho – Yeh Dillagi
33) Gori Kalai – Yeh Dillagi
34) Hothon Pe Bas Tera Naam Hai – Yeh Dillagi
35) Lagi Lagi Hai – Yeh Dillagi
36) Naam Kya Hai – Yeh Dillagi
37) Ole Ole – Yeh Dillagi
38) Chaand Tare Tod Laoon – Yes Boss
39) Ek Din Aap Yoon – Yes Boss
40) Main Koi Aisa Geet Gaaon – Yess Boss
41) Suniye To – Yess Boss
42) Dil Jalon Ka Dil Jala Ke – Zanjeer
43) Yaari Hai Imaan – Zanjeer
44) Teri Badmashian - Zulmi

Songs Continued

1) Ek Radha Ek Meera – Ram Teri Ganga Maili
2) Kya Kare Kya Na Kare – Rangeela
3) Yaaron Sun Lo Zara – Rangeela
4) Khwab Ban Kar Koi Aayega – Razia Sultan
5) Tera Hijr Mera Naseeb Hai – Razia Sultan
6) Aayee Zanjeer Ki Jhankar – Razia Sultan
7) Jalta Hai Badan – Razia Sultan
8) Aye Dil – E – Nadan – Razia Sultan
9) Hariyala Banna Aya Re – Razia Sultan
10) Tu Roop Ki Rani Main Choron Ka Raja – Roop Ki Rani Choron Ka Raja
11) O Maria O Maria – Saagar
12) Chehra Hai Ya Chand – Saagar
13) Saagar Kinare – Saagar
14) Sach Mere Yaar Hai – Saagar
15) Bahut Pyar Karte Hain – Saajan
16) Dekha Hai Pehli Baar – Saajan
17) Jeeyen To Jeeyen Kaise – Saajan
18) Mera Dil Bhi Kitna Paagal Hai – Saajan
19) Pehli Baar Mile Hain – Saajan
20) Tu Shayar Hai – Saajan
21) Tum Kya Mile Jaanejaan – Saatwan Aasman
22) Where Is The Time To Hate – Saatwan Aasman
23) Na Jaoo Saiyan – Sahab Biwi Aur Ghulam
24) Piya Aiso Jiya Mein - Sahib Biwi Aur Ghulam
25) Chehra Kya Dekhte Ho – Salaami
26) Hosh Walon Ko Khabar Kya – Sarfarosh
27) Is Dewaane Ladke Ko – Sarfarosh
28) Jo Haal Dil Ka – Sarfarosh
29) Zindagi Maut Na Ban jaye – Sarfarosh
30) Saudagar Saudakar – Saudagar
31) Who Hai Zara – Shaagird
32) Dil Vil – Shaagird
33) Inteha Ho Gayi – Sharaabi
34) Dekha Ek Khwab – Silsila
35) Neela Aasman So Gaya – Silsila
36) Rang Barse – Silsila
37) Yeh Kahan Aa Gaye Hum – Silsila
38) Dilbar Mere – Satte Pe Satta
39) Bol Do Meethe Bol – Sohni Mahiwal
40) Sohni Meri Mahi Sohni – Sohni Mahiwal
41) Mehfil Mein Baar Baar – Soldier
42) Mere Dil Jigar Se – Soldier
43) Soldier Soldier – Soldier
44) Tera Rang Balle Balle – Soldier
45) Paon Choo Lene Do – Taj Mahal
46) Jo Wada Kiya – Taj Mahal

More Songs

1) Meri Bindiya – Lamhe
2) Mujhe Duniya Walon – Leader
3) Tere Husn Ki – Leader
4) Ghadi Ghadi – Madhumati
5) Aaja Re Pardesi – Madhumati
6) Dil Tadap Tadap Ke – Madhumati
7) Suhana Safar – Madhumati
8) Toote Hue Khwabon Ne – Madhumati
9) Chra Ke Dil Mera – Main Khiladi Tu Anari
10) Mere Mehboob Tujhe – Mere Mehboob
11) Jane Kahan Mera – Mr. & Mrs. 55
12) Thandi Hawa Kali Ghata – Mr. & Mrs. 55
13) Udhar Tum Haseen Ho – Mr. & Mrs. 55
14) Pyar Kiya To Darna Kya – Mughal –E – Azam
15) Mohabbat Ki Jhooti Kahani Pe Rpye – Mughal – E – Azam
16) Dil Ki Yeh Aarzoo Thi – Nikaah
17) Beete Hue Lamhon Ki – Nikaah
18) Chupke Chupke Raat Din – Nikaah
19) Faza Bhi Hai – Nikah
20) Dil Ke Armaan Aasuon Mein – Nikah
21) Ghar Se Nikalte Hi – Papa Kehte Hain
22) Dheere Dheere Pyar Ko – Phool Aur Kante
23) Maine Pyar Tumhe Se – Phool Aur Kante
24) Premi Aashiq Awara – Phool Aur Kante
25) Dil Se Mere - Pyar Mein Kabhi Kabhi
26) Who Pehli Baar – Pyar Mein Kabhi Kabhi
27) Ajnabi Mujhko Itna Bata – Pyar To Hona Hi Tha
28) Jab Kisi Ki Taraf – Pyar To Hona Hi Tha
29) Pyar To Hona Hi Tha – Pyar To Hona Hi Tha
30) Ae Mere Humsafar – Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak
31) Akele Hain To Kya Gham Hai – Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak
32) Papa Kahte Hain – Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak
33) Gahazab Ka Hai Din – Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak
34) Aap Jaisa Koi Meri Zindagi Mein Aaye – Qurbani
35) Laila Main Laila – Qurbani
36) Kya Dekhte Ho – Qurbani
37) Aa Aa E – Raja Babu
38) Kitna Pyara Tujhe Rab Ne – Raja Hindustani
39) Pardesi Pardesi – Raja Hindustani
40) Poocho Zara Poocho – Raja Hindustani
41) Uff Kya Raat Ayi Hai – Raja Hindustani
42) Aaye Ho Meri Zindagi Mein – Raja Hindustani
43) Dil Hai Mera Deewana – Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman
44) Sardi Khasi Na Malaria – Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman
45) Seene Mein Dil Hai – Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman
46) Sun Sahiba Sun – Ram Teri Ganga Maili

More Songs

1) Tan Tana Tan – Judwaa (1997)
2) Dil Kya Kare – Julie (1975)
3) Tum Se Badkar Duniya Mein – Kaamchor (1982)
4) Deewana Dil Deewana – Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (1993)
5) E Kash Ke Hum – Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (1993)
6) Ana Mere Pyar Ko – Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (1993)
7) Who To Hai Albela – Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (1993)
8) Sachi Yeh Kahani Hai – Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (1993)
9) Tere Chere Se – Kabhi Kabhi (1976)
10) Kabhi Kabhi – Kabhi Kabhi (1976)
11) Main Pal Do Pal – Kabhi Kabhi (1976)
12) Hum Bekhudi Mein Tum Ko – KalaPani (1958)
13) Achchaji Main Hari – Kalapani (1958)
14) Nazar Lagi Raja – Kalapani (1958)
15) Dil Leke Kadar Gayi – Kalapani (1958)
16) Chori Chori Jab Nazarein Mili – Kareeb (1998)
17) Haan Judaai Se – Kareeb (1998)
18) Chura Lo Na Dil Mera – Kareeb (1998)
19) Aye Watan Tere Liye – Karma (1986)
20) Ek Haseena Thi – Karz (1980)
21) Darde Dil Darde Jigar – Karz (1980)
22) Diwana Hua Badal – Kashmir Ki Kali (1964)
23) Isharon Isharon Mein – Kashmir Ki Kali (1964)
24) Meri Jaan Balle Balle – Kashmir Ki Kali (1964)
25) Subhan Allah Hai – Kashmir Ki Kali (1964)
26) Yeh Chand Sa Roshan Chehra – Kashmir Ki Kali (1964)
27) Zindagi Ban Gaye – Kasoor (2001)
28) Jis Gali Mein – Kati Patang (1970)
29) Yeh Shaam Mastani – Kati Patang (1970)
30) Pyar Diwana Hota Hai – Kati Patang (1970)
31) Aaj Mein Upar – Khamoshi (1996)
32) Ankhon Mein Kya – Khamoshi (1996)
33) Yeh Dil Sun Raha Hai – Khamoshi (1996)
34) Khud Ko Kys Samajhti Hai – Khiladi (1992)
35) Vada Raha Sanam – Khiladi (1992)
36) Tu Mujhe Kubool – Khuda Gawah (1992)
37) Tu Na Ja Mere Badashaah – Khuda Gawah (1992)
38) Ab Ke Na Sawan Barse – Kinara (1977)
39) Naam Gum Jayega – Kinara (1977)
40) Jane Kya Sonchkar – Kinara (1977)
41) Meethe Bol Bole – Kinara (1977)
42) Do Sitaron Ka Zameen Par Hai Milan – Kohinoor (1960)
43) Koi Pyar Ki Dekhe Jaadugari – Kohinoor (1960)
44) Madhuban Mein Radhika – Kohinoor (1960)
45) Hasino Ko Aate Hain – Lahoo Ke Do Rang
46) Kabhi Main Khoon – Lamhe

More Songs

1) Tu Husn Hai Main Isq Hoon – Hamraaz (1967)
2) Kisi Pathar Ki Murat Se – Hamraaz (1967)
3) Na Muh Chupake Jiyo – Hamraaz (1967)
4) Neele Gagan Ke Tale – Hamraaz (1967)
5) Tum Agar Saath Dene Ka – Hamraaz (1967)
6) Mila Na Tum To – Heer Ranjha (1970)
7) Yeh Duniya – Heer Ranjha (1970)
8) Saaton Janam – Hero No.1 (1997)
9) Mohabbat Ki Nahin Jaati – Hero No.1 (1997)
10) Tum Humpe Marte Ho – Hero No.1 (1997)
11) Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin – Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin (1977)
12) Chand Mera Dil – Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin (1977)
13) Mil Gaya Hum Ko Saathi Mil Gaya – Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin (1977)
14) Hum Ko To Yaara Teri Yaari - Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin (1977)
15) Bachana Aye Hasino - Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin (1977)
16) Yeh Ladka Hai Allah - Hum Kissi Se Kum Nahin (1977)
17) Chaha To Bahut – Imtihaan (1994)
18) Is tarha Ashiqui Ka – Imtihan (1994)
19) Humko Tumse Pyar Hai – Ishq (1997)
20) Dekho Dekho Janam Hum – Ishq (1997)
21) Neend Churayi Meri – Ishq (1997)
22) Mr. Lova Lova – Ishq (1997)
23) Hum Lakh Chupaye Pyar Magar – Jaan Tere Naam (1992)
24) Rone Na dijiyega – Jaan Tere Naam (1992)
25) Ye Akkha India Janta Hai – Jaan Tere Naam (1992)
26) Is Dil Mein Kya Hai – Jab Pyar Kissi Se Hota Hai (1998)
27) Pehli Pehli Baar - Jab Pyar Kissi Se Hota Hai (1998)
28) Samne Yeh Kaun Aaya – Jawani Diwani (1972)
29) Jaane Jaan – Jawani Diwani (1972)
30) Aasman Ke Neeche – Jewel Thief (1967)
31) Raat Akeli Hai – Jewel Thief (1967)
32) Dil Pukare – Jewel Thief (1967)
33) Rulake Gaya Sapna Mera – Jewel Thief (1967)
34) Yeh Dil Na Hota Bechara – Jewel Thief (1967)
35) Rulake Gaya Sapna Mera – Jewel Thief (1967)
36) Hothon Mein Aisi Baat – Jewel Thief (1967)
37) Kaun Hai Jo Sapnon Mein Aya – Jhuk Gaya Aasaman (1968)
38) Pehla Nasha – Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar (1992)
39) Jawan Ho Yaaron – Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar (1992)
40) Who Sikandar – Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar (1992)
41) Nafrat Karne Walon Ke – Johny Mera Naam (1970)
42) O Mere Raja – Johny Mera Naam (1970)
43) Pal Bhar Ke Liye – Johny Mera Naam (1970)
44) Dil De Diya – Judaai (1997)
45) East Aur West – Judwaa (1997)
46) Oonchi Hai Building – Judwaa (1997)

Jewellery Design

More memorable songs

1) Tu Mere Saamane – Darr (1993)
2) Jadoo Bhari Aankhon Waali Suno – Dastak (1996)
3) Pal Beet Gaya Yeh To – Dastak (1996)
4) Tumhe Kaise Main Bataon (Fast) – Dastak (1996)
5) Aisi Deewanage – Deewana (1992)
6) Koi Na Koi Chahiye – Deewana (1992)
7) Teri Isi Ada Pe – Deewana (1992)
8) Teri Umeed – Deewana (1992)
9) Humne Ghar Choda Hai – Dil (1990)
10) Hum Pyar Karne Wale – Dil (1990)
11) Khambe Jaisi Khadi Hai – Dil (1990)
12) Mujhe Need Na Aye – Dil (1990)
13) O Priya Priya – Dil (1990)
14) Ho Nahin Sakta – Diljale (1996)
15) Jiske Aane Se – Diljale (1996)
16) Are Diwano Mujhe Pehchano – Don (1977)
17) Bahut Shukria – Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962)
18) Humko Tumhare Ish Ne – Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962)
19) Aap Yuhin Agar – Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962)
20) Mujhe Dekhkar Aap Ka Muskurana – Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962)
21) Main Pyar Ka Rahi Hoon – Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962)
22) Tunhe Mohabbat Hai Humse Maana – Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962)
23) Deewana Dil Hua Deewana – English Babu Desi Mem (1996)
24) Aakhon Se dil Mein Utar Ke – Fareb (1996)
25) O humsafar – Fareb (1996)
26) Yeh Teri Aakhen Jhuki Jhuki – Fareb (1996)
27) Naina Lad Jayhe To – Ganga Jamuna (1961)
28) Dhoondo Dhoondo Re Saajana – Ganga Jamuna (1961)
29) Tora Man Bada Paapi – Ganga Jamuna (1961)
30) Dagabaaz Tori Batiyan – Ganga Jamuna (1961)
31) Do Deewane Shahar Mein – Gharonda (1977)
32) Aanewala Pal – Golmaal (1979)
33) Piya Tose Naina Lage Re – Guide (1965)
34) Kya Se Kya Ho Gaya – Guide (1965)
35) Saiyan Beiman – Guide (1965)
36) Aaj Phir Jeena Ki Tamanna Hai – Guide (1965)
37) Tere Mere Sapne – Guide (1965)
38) Din Dhal Jaye – Guide (1965)
39) Gaata Rahe Mera Dil – Guide (1965)
40) Allah Megh De – Guide (1965)
41) Duniya Hasino Ka Mela – Gupt (1997)
42) Mushkil Bada Yeh Pyar Hai – Gupt (1997)
43) Gupt Gupt – Gupt (1997)
44) Mere Dil Ne Kiye Lakhon Salaam – Gupt (1997)
45) Hamesha Hamesha – Hamesha (1997)Neela Dupatta Peela Suit – Hamesha (1997)

Cross Stitch Design

More Memorable Songs

1) Yeh Kaali Kaali Aankhen – Baazigar (1993)
2) Kitabein Bahut Si – Baazigar (1993)
3) Baazigar O Baazigar – Baazigar (1993)
4) E Mera Humsafar – Baazigar (1993)
5) Chupana Bhi Nahin Aata – Baazigar (1993)
6) O Duniya Ke Rakhwale – Baiju Bawra (1952)
7) Tu Ganga Ki Mauj – Baiju Bawra (1952)
8) Jhoole Mein Pavan Ki – Baiju Bawra (1952)
9) Bachpan Ki Mohabbat Ko – Baiju Bawra (1952)
10) Hum Ko Sirf Tum Se – Barsaat (1995)
11) Teri Adaon Pe – Barsaat (1995)
12) Nahin Yeh Ho Nahin – Barsaat (1995)
13) Na Bole Tum Na Maine Kuch Kaha – Baton Baton Mein (1979)
14) Kahan Tak Yeh Man Ko Andhere – Baton Baton Mein (1979)
15) Uthe Sab Ke Kadam – Baton Baton Mein (1979)
16) Suniye Kahiye – Baton Baton Mein (1979)
17) Gungunati Hui – Betaabi (1997)
18) Koyal Si Teri Boli – Beta (1992)
19) Dhak Dhak Karne Laga – Beta (1992)
20) Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas – Blackmail (1973)
21) Hum Tum Ek Kamre Mein Band Ho – Bobby (1973)
22) Main Shair To Nahin – Bobby (1973)
23) Dekha Na Hai – Bombay To Goa (1971)
24) Dil Ke Jharokhe Mein Tujhko – Brahmachari (1968)
25) Aaj Kal Tere Mere Pyar Ke Charche – Brahmachari (1968)
26) Boojh Mera Kya Naam Ri – C.I.D (1956)
27) Leke Pehla Pehla Pyar – CID (1956)
28) Yeh Hai Bombay Meri Jaan – CID (1956)
29) Jata Kahan Hai Deewane – CID (1956)
30) Kitna Pyara Wada – Caravan (1971)
31) Haal Kaisa Hai Janab Ka – Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958)
32) Ek Ladki Bheegi Bhaagi Si – Chalti Ka Naam Gadi (1958)
33) Babu Samjho Ishare – Chalti Ka Naam Gadi (1958)
34) Hum The Who Thi Aur Sama Rangeen – Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958)
35) Chaudhvin Ka Chaand Ho – Chaudhvin Ka Chand (1960)
36) Chamma Chamma – China Gate (1998)
37) Bar Bar Dekho – China Town (1962)
38) Yeh Raat Bheegi Bheegi – Chori Chori (1957)
39) Panchi Banu Udti Phiron – Chori Chori (1957)
40) Jahan Main Jati Hoon – Chori Chori (1957)
41) Rasik Balama – Chori Chori (1957)
42) Sawan Barse Tarse Dil – Dahek (1999)
43) Zooby Zooby – Dance Dance (1987)
44) O Priya O Priya – Daraar (1996)
45) Jadu Teri Nazar – Darr (1993)Likha Hai Ye In Hawaon Mein – Darr (1993)

Easy Cauliflower Bake

Cauliflower Bake
Ingredients:
1 large cauliflower

2 cups curds (tie up for 1 hour)

1/2 tsp. garlic grated

1/2 tsp. ginger grated

1/2 tsp. mint leaves chopped

1/2 tsp. crushed red chillies

1/2 tsp. tandoori masala

1 tsp. sugar

salt to taste

1 tbsp. butter
For seasoning
1 tsp. butter

1 tbsp. spring onion greens finely chopped
Method:
1. Cut cauliflower into large florets.
2. Clean well and immerse in plenty of salted boiling water.
3. Keep for 5-7 minutes.
4. Drain and run under cold water.
5. Pat dry with a clean kitchen towel.
6. Mix all other ingredients well to form a smooth marinate.
7. With a kitchen brush apply marinate all over the florets.
8. Apply as much as possible in the gaps too.
9. Place in a greased shallow baking dish.
10. Place in a hot oven, bake till marinate dries up and floret is tender.
11. Heat butter, add spring onion and stirfry for 2 minutes.
12. Pour over the baked cauliflower and toss lightly with a fork.
13. Sprinkle some chaat masala if desired.
14. Serve hot.

Memorable Songs from Movies

1) Ek ladki ko dekha to aisa laga – 1942- A Love Story (1994)
2) Pyar Hua Chupke Se – 1942 – A Love Story (1994)
3) Rooth Na Jaana – 1942 – A Love Story (1994)
4) Kuch Na Kaho – 1942 – A Love Story (1994)
5) Rim Jhim Rim Jhim – 1942 – A Love Story (1994)
6) Yeh Safar – 1942 – A Love Story (1994)
7) Agar Tum Na Hote – Agar Tum Na Hote (1983)
8) Goriya Re Goriya Re – Aaina (1992)
9) Tum Agaye Ho Noor Agaya Hai – Aandhi (1976)
10) Is Modh Se Jaate Hain – Aandhi (1976)
11) Tere Bina Zindagi Se Shikva – Aandhi (1976)
12) O Lal Dupatte Wali Tera Naam To Bata – Aankhen (1993)
13) Suno Kaho Suna Kaha – Aap Ki Kasam (1974)
14) Dil Dil Dil – Aatish (1994)
15) Tere Mere Milan Ki Yeh Raina – Abhimaan (1973)
16) Teri Bindiya Re – Abhimaan (1973)
17) Meet Na Mila Re Man Ka – Abhimaan (1973)
18) Loote Koi Man Ka Nagar – Abhimaan (1973)
19) O Piya O Piya – Agnisakshi (1996)
20) Aisa Zakhm Diya Hai – Akele Hum Akele Tum (1995)
21) Raja Ko Rani Se - Akele Hum Akele Tum (1995)
22) Dil Kehta Hai - Akele Hum Akele Tum (1995)
23) Chingari Koi Bhadke – Amar Prem (1971)
24) Bahon Mein Chale Aao – Anamika (1973)
25) Meri Bheegi Bheegi Si – Anamika (1973)
26) Logon Na Maro Ise – Anamika (1973)
27) Kahin Door Jab – Anand (1971)
28) Maine Tere Liya Hi – Anand (1971)
29) Zindagi Kaisi Hai Paheli – Anand (1971)
30) Dil Ki Nazar Se – Anari (1959)
31) Kisi Ki Muskurohaton Pe – Anari (1959)
32) Who Chand Khila – Anari (1959)
33) Aate Jate Khoobsurat Awara Sadkon Par – Anurodh (1977)
34) Na Hasna Mere Gham Par – Anurodh (1977)
35) Mere Sapnon Ki Rani – Aradhana (1969)
36) Roop Tera Mastana – Aradhana (1969)
37) Main To Hoon Pagal Munda – Army (1996)
38) Tum Itna Jo Muskura Rahe Ho – Arth (1982)
39) Tu Nahin To Zindagi Mein – Arth (1982)
40) Jhuki Jhuki Si Nazar – Arth (1982)
41) Koi Yeh Kaise Bataye – Arth (1982)
42) Tujhe Jeevan Ki Dor Se – Asli Naqli (1962)
43) Tera Mera Pyar Amar - Asli Naqli (1962)
44) Chandini Raat Hai – Baaghi (1990)
45) Dheere Dheere Aap Mere – Baazi (1995)

Memorable Movies

Some memorable movies:
1) Andhi – (1976) : Leading Cast: Sanjeev Kapoor, Suchitra Sen
2) Aar Par – (1954) : Leading Cast: Guru Dutt, Shyama, Shakeela
3) Abhimaan – (1973) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Jaya Bhaduri
4) Amar Akbar Anthony – (1977) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Vinod Khanna, Shabana Azmi, Parveen Babi
5) Anamika – (1972) : Leading Cast: Jaya Bhaduri, Sanjeev Kumar
6) Aradhana – (1969) : Leading Cast: Sharmila Tagore, Rajesh Khanna
7) Arth – (1982) : Leading Cast: Shabana Azmi, Raj Kiran, Smita Patil
8) Asli Naqli (1962) : Leading Cast: Dev Anand, Sadhana
9) Awara (1952) : Leading Cast: Raj Kapoor, Nargis
10) Baazigar (1993) : Leading Cast: Shahrukh Khan, Kajol, Shilpa Shetty
11) Baiju Bawara (1952) : Leading Cast: Bharat Bhushan, Meena Kumari
12) Barsaat Ki Raat (1960) : Leading Cast: Madhubala, Bharat Bhushan
13) Baton Baton Mein (1979) : Leading Cast: Amol Palekar, Tina Munim
14) Bemisal (1982) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Rakhee, Vinod Mehra
15) Bobby (1973) : Leading Cast: Dimple Kapadia, Rishi Kapoor
16) C.I.D (1956) : Leading Cast: Dev Anand, Waheeda Rehman, Shakila
17) Caravan (1971) : Leading Cast: Asha Parekh, Jeetendra
18) Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958) : Leading Cast: Kishore Kumar, Madhubala, Ashok Kumar, Anoop Kumar
19) Chaudhvi Ka Chand (1960) : Leading Cast: Guru Dutt, Waheeda Rehman
20) Chori Chori (1956) : Leading Cast: Nargis, Raj Kapoor
21) Chupka Chupke (1975) : Leading Cast: Dharmendra, Sharmila Tagore, Amitabh Bachchan, Jaya Bhaduri
22) Darr (1993) : Leading Cast: Sunny Deol, Juhi Chawla, Shahrukh Khan
23) Deewar : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Shahi Kapoor
24) Dil To Pagal Hai (1997) : Leading Cast: Shahrukh Khan, Madhuri Dixit, Karishma Kapppr, Akshay Kumar
25) Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge (1995) : Leading Cast: Shahrukh Khan, Kajol
26) Don (1978) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Zeenat Aman
27) Dream Girl (1977) : Leading Cast: Dharmendra, Hema Malini
28) Guide (1965) : Leading Cast: Dev Anand, Waheeda Rehman
29) Guddi (1971) : Leading Cast: Dharmendra, Jaya Bhaduri, Samit Bhanja
30) Hamesha (1997) : Leading Cast: Saif Ali Khan, Kajol, Aditya Pancholi
31) Hero No.1 (1997) : Leading Cast: Govinda, Karisma Kapoor
32) Is Raat Ki Subah Nahin (1996) : Leading Cast: Tara Deshpande, Madhavan, Ashish Vidyarthi, Nirmal Pandey, Smriti Mishra
33) Jaan Tere Naam (1992) : Leading Cast: Rohit Roy, Farheen
34) Jewel Thief (1967) : Leading Cast: Dev Anand, Vyjayantimala
35) Jhuk Gaya Aasman (1968) : Leading Cast: Saira Banu, Rajendra Kumar
36) Johny Mera Naam (1970) : Leading Cast: Dev Anand, Hema Malini
37) Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa (1993) : Leading Cast: Shahrukh Khan, Deepak Tijori, Suchitra Krishnamoorty
38) Kabhie Kabhie (1976) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Shashi Kapoor, Rakhee
39) Kalapaani (1958) : Leading Cast: Dev Anand, Madhubala
40) Karma (1986) : Leading Cast: Dilip Kumar, Nutan
41) Kashmir Ki Kali (1964) : Leading Cast: Sharmila Tagore, Shammi Kapoor
42) Katha (1983) : Leading Cast: Farooque Sheikh, Deepti Naval
43) Khote Sikkay (1974) : Leading Cast: Feroz Khan, Danny
44) Khuda Gawah (1992): Leading Cast: Sridevi, Amitabh Bachchan, Nagarjuna
45) Kohinoor (1960) : Leading Cast: Dilip Kumar, Meena Kumari
46) Leader (1964) : Leading Cast: Dilip Kumar, Vyjantimala
47) Maachis (1996) : Leading Cast: Chandrachur Singh, Tabu, Jimmy Shergill
48) Mera Saaya (1966) : Leading Cast: Sunil Dutt, Sadhana
49) Mere Meheboob (1963) : Leading Cast: Ashok Kumar, Rajendra Kumar, Sadhana
50) Mr. & Mrs. 55 (1955) : Leading Cast: Guru Dutt, Madhubala
51) Mrityudand (1997) : Leading Cast: Ayub Khan, Madhuri Dixit
52) Mughal – e – Azam (1960) : Leading Cast: Dilip Kumar, Madhubala, Prithvi Raj Kapoor
53) Nagina (1986) : Leading Cast: Sridevi, Rishi Kapoor
54) Naya Daur (1957) : Leading Cast: Dilip Kumar, Vyjanthimala
55) Padosan (1968) : Leading Cast: Sunil Dutt, Saira Banu
56) Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman (1992) : Sharukh Khan, Juhi Chawla
57) Razia Sultan (1982) : Leading Cast: Hema Malini, Dharmendra
58) Saajan (1991) : Leading Cast: Madhuri Dixit, Salman Khan, Sanjay Dutt
59) Safar (1970) : Leading Cast: Sharmila Tagore, Rajesh Khanna, Feroz Khan
60) Sarfarosh (1999) : Leading Cast: Aamir Khan, Sonali Bendre
61) Shaagird (1967) : Leading Cast: Joy Mukherjee, Saira Banu
62) Shaan (1980) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Shashi Kapoor, Parveen Babi, Bindiya Goswami
63) Sholay (1975) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Dharmendra, Jaya Bhaduri, Hema Malini
64) Silsila (1981) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Sanjeev Kumar, Rekha, Jaya Bhaduri
65) Sohni Mahiwal (1985) : Leading Cast: Sunny Deol, Poonam Dillon
66) Solvah Saal (1958) : Leading Cast: Dev Anand, Waheeda Rehman
67) Taj Mahal (1963) : Leading Cast: Pradeep Kumar, Beena Roy
68) Teesri Manzil (1966) : Leading Cast: Shammi Kapoor, Asha Parekh
69) Tezaab (1989) : Leading Cast: Anil Kapoor, Madhuri Dixit
70) Tridev (1989) : Leading Cast: Sunny Deol, Naseeruddin Shah, Jackie Shroff, Madhuri Dixit, Sonam, Sangeeta Bijlani
71) Trishul (1978) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Shashi Kapoor, Hema Malini, Rakhee
72) Waaris (1988) : Leading Cast: Amrita Singh, Raj Kiran, Smita Patil, Raj Babbar
73) Waqt (1965) : Leading Cast: Sunil Dutt, Raj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor, Sadhana, Balraj Sahni, Sharmila Tagore
74) Woh Saat Din (1983) : Leading Cast: Anil Kapoor, Naseeruddin Shah, Padmini Kolhapure
75) Yaadon Ki Baraat (1973) : Leading Cast: Zeenat Aman, Vijay Arora, Dharmendra, Tariq
76) Yeh Dillagi (1994) : Leading Cast: Kajol, Akshay Kumar, Saif Ali Khan
77) Yes Boss (1997) : Leading Cast: Shahrukh Khan, Juhi Chawla
78) Zanjeer (1973) : Leading Cast: Amitabh Bachchan, Jaya Bhaduri

Natural Disaster Management in India

Article that appeared in ESCI Newsletter

Natural Disaster Management in India

*Ayesha Bangi

1. Disaster can be defined as a serious disruption of the function of a society, causing widespread human, material/environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources.
2. India is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. The location and geographical features render it vulnerable to a number of natural hazards such as cyclones, drought, floods, earthquakes, fire, landslides and avalanches. On an average 56 million people are annually affected by disasters in our country. 180,000 sq km of area is vulnerable to cyclones, 400,000 sq km area to floods, 915,000 sq km area to droughts and 1,760,000 sq km area to earthquakes.
3. The coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh are very vulnerable to cyclones. Since 1977, 13563 human lives have been lost and estimated losses amount to Rs 578073.37 lakhs. Under the current drought situation 836 mandals in 22 districts have been affected.
4. Over the years, India has developed and upgraded the monitoring, forecasting and warning systems to deal with natural disasters. The India Meteorology Department (IMD) tracks cyclones and gives warning to the concerned user agencies. Tracking is done through INSAT Satellite and cyclone detection radars. Warning is issued to cover ports, fisheries and aviation departments. The warning system provides for a cyclone alert of 48 hours and a cyclone warning of 24 hours. There is a special Disaster Warning System (DWS) for dissemination of cyclone warning through INSAT to designated addresses at isolated places in local languages.
5. The Central Water Commission (CWC) has a flood forecasting system covering 62 major rivers in 13 states with 157 stations for transmission of flood warning.
6. The IMD has divided the entire country into 35 meteorological sub-divisions. It issues weekly bulletins on rainfall indicating normal, excess and deficient levels and also the percentages of departure from the normal. The CWC monitors the levels of 60 major reservoirs with weekly reports of reservoir levels and corresponding capacity for the previous year and the average of the previous 10 years. Based on the inputs from IMD and CWC on the rainfall, water levels in reservoirs, the information on crop situations from local sources, the National Crop Weather Watch Group monitors the drought conditions.
7. On the basis of magnitudes and intensities past earthquakes of magnitudes and drawing upon tectonic features earthquake zonation maps have been prepared. IMD operates a network of 36 seismic monitoring stations.
8. Due to the frequency of occurrence of disasters and the losses incurred, it becomes evident that pre-disaster steps must be taken to reduce the damage and
destruction. This strategy commonly known as mitigation is defined as sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from hazards and their effects. Effective mitigation actions can decrease the impact, the requirements and the expense of a natural disaster.
9. Besides evolving effective warning systems, the government has also formulated and implemented mitigation programmes and sectoral development programmes to reduce the impact of disasters. Structural methods of flood mitigation by construction of new embankments and drainage channels have helped in raising 4700 critical villages above the flood level. The Government of India is now operating a Command Area Development Programme (CADP) to strengthen the water management capabilities and enhance the effectiveness of irrigation water application, aiming at reducing the incidences of drought. Measures such as building of cyclone shelters and afforestation in coastal areas have been undertaken to deal with cyclones. The Department of Science and Technology (DST) is executing a World Bank assisted project on upgradation of seismological instrumentation and other collateral geophysical studies in the Indian Peninsular region. Major organisations like India Meteorological Department, National Geophysical Research Institute and Geological Survey of India are participating in the World Bank project.
10. Additional measures in the form of community initiated mitigation measures can help in further reducing the risk to people and property from natural disasters. The primary tools needed for this are community commitment, a community planning team and public input. Community disaster awareness initiatives which inform and train local people about how to prepare for natural disasters and emergencies can also reduce vulnerability to specific hazards.

References:
1. “Guide Book on Disaster Preparedness and Response (2001)”, West Bengal Voluntary Health Association, 2001.
2. Sagar Dhara, “Natural Disasters- Minimising the risk”, Survey of Environment, 2001.

Acknowledgements
Thanks are due to National Institute of Rural Development for the relevant data.

Easy chicken recipie

BAKED CHICKEN WITH MUSHROOM SOUP
4 to 5 chicken pieces
1 c. mushroom soup
1 c. Cheddar cheese, shredded
1/2 c. butter

Place chicken in casserole. Add mushroom soup and wine. Sprinkle cheese over all. Place dressing on top and sprinkle butter over all. Bake at 350 degrees for 45 minutes to 1 hour.

Issues of Industrialisation

Paper published in seminar in 2003 while I was at ESCI (Engineering staff college of India)

Issues of Industrialization

Ayesha Bangi,
Research Associate,
ESCI, Hyd

Abstract
The world wide public debate before and after the Rio Earth Summit led to the announcements of major policy statements. The focus of all these policies was to identify the positive links between industrial growth and environmental protection. Unfortunately bad planning or no planning remains the hallmark of industrial development in India. Virtually every industrial area, particularly, the chemical and petrochemical ones are an ecological disaster. As the economy grows, it is likely that the growth in waste generation would become much faster. End-of-pipe pollution control systems address the problem partially and may be helpful in buying time. We still have a long way to go before we fully understand pollution and its ramifications and do the right thing. But do we have time?

Introduction

The concept of urban planning and administration has not yet taken root in India. We see today a chaotic and haphazard residential, commercial and industrial growth in urban areas without proper planning, support resources or concern for the environment. Bad planning or no planning at all remains the hallmark of industrial development in India. Chasing industrialization, governments in India have set up the infrastructure to create pollution without planning how to deal with it.

Industrial Pollution

In the past two decades, there have been 300 cases of conversion of green belt areas for development covering 3400 hectares of land in the Hyderabad Urban Development Authority area. A string of 18 industrial areas have sprung up, most of them skirting and some inside Hyderabad city. The industries produce bulk drug, chemicals, textiles, pharmaceuticals, electroplating, vegetable oils, rice mills, tanneries and tobacco. These units were set up without basic amenities like sewers and effluent treatment plants. The result is that effluents with high organic and heavy metal loads found their way into streams, lakes, the Musi river and also contaminated the groundwater.

Forty villages downstream of the Musi river were affected by the effluents containing a concentration of heavy metals. While villagers are exposed to water borne diseases, the ground water is polluted and the soil is losing its fertility forcing some of the farmers to move out.

A study conducted by the Central Ground Water Board in the city and surrounding areas revealed that the bulk drug and chemical industries located in and around L.B.Nagar, Uppal, Bollaram, Jeedimetla, Sanatnagar and Balanagar areas are polluting groundwater with colour and chemical constituents beyond desirable levels. A study conducted in Pocharam village of Patancheru Industrial area found that the level of mercury was 115 times the permissible limit while another study by the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) found that arsenic levels in and around Patancheru were as high as 700 ppb as against a permissible 10 ppb recommended by the World Health Organization. A study by the Groundwater Department found very high toxicity endangering the lives of human beings, cattle and agricultural activities.
Another case of Industrial pollution lies along the road from Ahmedabad to Mumbai which runs through what can be called as India’s toxic corridor. Atleast 2000 industries compete for resources in this narrow belt of land. Virtually every river that enters the corridor leaves carrying with it lethal loads of industrial pollutants. A July 2000 World Bank sponsored State Environmental Action Plan report lists sections of all these rivers as critically polluted. “Critically Polluted” means that the rivers are close to losing all capacity to sustain life. The report also indicated that the groundwater in 74 out of 184 taluks of Gujarat is poisoned due to industrial pollution. An estimate by a high powered committee of the Supreme Court reported that an alarming 70 percent of Gujarat’s water resources are now contaminated by industrial pollution. Environmental surverys confirm the widespread presence of industrial pollutants which include dangerous levels of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants.
Emerging evidence indicates that the pollutants have entered the food chain through vegetables and fish from the region. Reports from surrounding villages claim that infertility is on the rise, young women suffer from frequent miscarriages, Respiratory and skin diseases are commonplace. In Kolak village, which is sandwiched between the Rivers Damanganga and Kolak, villagers report more than 70 cancer fatalities in 10 years.
The Mitna Machhi, an adivasi community that depended on fish and mudskippers from the muddy riverbanks is now supportless because mudskippers are locally extent due to pollution.

Measures Adopted

For several years the polluting units had a free run letting out effluents as investment in effluent treatment plants is considered as a non productive investment by the industrial sector. When public pressure mounted, the concept of Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) was adopted. In Hyderabad, the first CETP was set up at Jeedimetla followed by one at Patancheru then one more at Bollarum. The CETP at Jeedimetla was set up in 1989 and was meant for waste treatment which was expensive to address at the level of each factory. It has now been modified to operate as a Combined Waste Water Treatment Plant (CWWTP) to overcome the problems caused by load variation.
However, Environmentalists have been opposing the concept of CETP to treat hetero genous effluents and combine industrial waste with domestic sewage. CETPs do nothing to reduce the threat due to toxic heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from industrial waste streams. Rather than clean up pollution, they are a source of high pollution loads through the contaminated wastewater and the large quantities of toxic sludge generated by their processes. Take, for instance the CETP set up in Vapi (Guarat) in 1998. It was to treat the effluent from 800 factories and currently the CETP discharges red, foul smelling effluent into the river Damanganga. An analysis of the treated wastewater revealed the presence of cadmium, chromium and mercury.
The mechanisms employed by the regulatory bodies have been of effluent disposal standards. The waste generators have tended to seek “quick-fix” solutions, response that is essentially aimed at compliance. The result has been the proliferation of retrofits or “add-on” pollution control systems. Even after the installation of the treatment plants some units do not operate them regularly. This is done to save the operating expenses. Pollution control boards maintain that when offenders are tried under the existing acts, there are long delays in disposing off the existing cases. Unless there is a mandatory specification of time within which the court would dispose of all the cases instituted under environmental legislation, offenders will have no interest in complying with regulations.
The Environmental policy regime in India has primarily focused on end-of-the-pipe pollution control measures. An absence of a cradle-to-grave or integrated approach has led to a situation where curative solutions dominate and preventive measures are neglected.

Changes Needed

End–of-pipe pollution control interventions may buy time or partially address the problem. But unless they are implemented with a full understanding of these limitations, such interventions may give the false impression that the problem has been taken care of. It is yet to be realized that there are no real solutions to deal with pollution after it is caused.
“An ounce of prevention is worth a pond of cure” is probably a very trite saying but needs to be quoted to enhance programs rallying for the quality of the environment. Pollution prevention is a term used to describe production technologies and strategies that result in eliminating or reducing production waste streams.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) defines pollution prevention as the use of materials, processes or practices that reduce or eliminate the creation of pollutants or wastes at the source. It includes practices that reduce the use of hazardous materials, energy water or other resources and practices that protect natural resources through conservation or more efficient use. The idea underlying the promotion of pollution prevention is that it makes far more sense for a generator not to produce waste than to develop extensive treatment schemes to ensure that the waste poses no threat to the quality of the environment.
One of the significant benefits is that it is often an economical approach. When wastes are reduced or eliminated, cost savings in materials results thereby more product is produced from the same starting materials. A close examination of manufacturing processes needed to plan successful pollution prevention approach can produce a number of side benefits such as significant improvements in energy and water conservation and improved or more consistent product quality.
Preventive measures like Clean Process Technologies (CPT) are measures which reduce the quantity and the hazards of all the waste streams within the production systems through preventive strategies. In the absence of any effort to popularize CPTs very little attention has been paid to research and development for evolving newer but cleaner technologies.
It must be recognized that CPTs cannot be imported from abroad and transplanted here. Often they have to be modified and adopted to suit Indian conditions in terms of level of automation, unreliable and erratic power supply etc.
A combination of financial, informational and policy level measures need to be devised to promote waste minimization/utilization and the adoption of cleaner technologies.
Environmental audits are an effective tool to improve environmental performance on a continual basis, however if the environmental audit remains an activity confined to filling out the format for submission to the concerned State Pollution Control Boards, nothing much can be expected.

Conclusions

The production of high quality products of a fine and pure standard by using untidy, substandard and outdated technology could soon be caught up in the contradictions and the deficiencies of its present production processes. Economic rationality does not deserve its name if it only accounts for activities within the narrow confines of a industry and of its supply and market situation but disregards damages caused to other areas in the same scenario. The entrepreneurial activities and present day managerial culture does not seem to exactly encourage the timely introduction of changes in the production process in order to prevent irreversible environmental damage but might lead to stop gap solutions.
Long term and real solutions should not be offset by the short sighted self interest of the industry as this would surely stop at eye-wash solutions, which might anyway prove to be somewhat unhealthy and inadequate.

References

1. Freman, M.Harry, “Industrial Pollution Prevention Handbook”, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1995.
2. Jayaram, Nityanand, “Industrial Pollution: Pollute first, pay later”, Survey of the Environment, 2001
3. Bunsha, Dionne, “Mumbai: Polluter gets paid”, Survey of the Environment, 2001
4. Venkataswarlu, K., “Hyderabad: Courts to the Rescue”, Survey of the Environment, 2001
5. Niyati, K.P., “Waste management and minimization-the Indian Scenario”, Proceedings of the Seminar on Waste Management and Low Cost Waste Technologies: The German and Indian Experience, 28-30 Sept, 1992.
6. Bowonder, B., “Efluent Control Systems- A corporate perspective”, Proceedings of the Seminar on Waste Management and Low Cost Waste Technologies: The German and Indian Experience, 28-30 Sept, 1992.
7. Agarwal, S.K., “Industrial Environment: Assessment and strategy”, APH Publishing Corporation, 1996.

Issues of Industrialisation

Issues of Industrialization

Ayesha Bangi,
Research Associate,
ESCI, Hyd

Abstract
The world wide public debate before and after the Rio Earth Summit led to the announcements of major policy statements. The focus of all these policies was to identify the positive links between industrial growth and environmental protection. Unfortunately bad planning or no planning remains the hallmark of industrial development in India. Virtually every industrial area, particularly, the chemical and petrochemical ones are an ecological disaster. As the economy grows, it is likely that the growth in waste generation would become much faster. End-of-pipe pollution control systems address the problem partially and may be helpful in buying time. We still have a long way to go before we fully understand pollution and its ramifications and do the right thing. But do we have time?

Introduction

The concept of urban planning and administration has not yet taken root in India. We see today a chaotic and haphazard residential, commercial and industrial growth in urban areas without proper planning, support resources or concern for the environment. Bad planning or no planning at all remains the hallmark of industrial development in India. Chasing industrialization, governments in India have set up the infrastructure to create pollution without planning how to deal with it.

Industrial Pollution

In the past two decades, there have been 300 cases of conversion of green belt areas for development covering 3400 hectares of land in the Hyderabad Urban Development Authority area. A string of 18 industrial areas have sprung up, most of them skirting and some inside Hyderabad city. The industries produce bulk drug, chemicals, textiles, pharmaceuticals, electroplating, vegetable oils, rice mills, tanneries and tobacco. These units were set up without basic amenities like sewers and effluent treatment plants. The result is that effluents with high organic and heavy metal loads found their way into streams, lakes, the Musi river and also contaminated the groundwater.

Forty villages downstream of the Musi river were affected by the effluents containing a concentration of heavy metals. While villagers are exposed to water borne diseases, the ground water is polluted and the soil is losing its fertility forcing some of the farmers to move out.






A study conducted by the Central Ground Water Board in the city and surrounding areas revealed that the bulk drug and chemical industries located in and around L.B.Nagar, Uppal, Bollaram, Jeedimetla, Sanatnagar and Balanagar areas are polluting groundwater with colour and chemical constituents beyond desirable levels. A study conducted in Pocharam village of Patancheru Industrial area found that the level of mercury was 115 times the permissible limit while another study by the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) found that arsenic levels in and around Patancheru were as high as 700 ppb as against a permissible 10 ppb recommended by the World Health Organization. A study by the Groundwater Department found very high toxicity endangering the lives of human beings, cattle and agricultural activities.
Another case of Industrial pollution lies along the road from Ahmedabad to Mumbai which runs through what can be called as India’s toxic corridor. Atleast 2000 industries compete for resources in this narrow belt of land. Virtually every river that enters the corridor leaves carrying with it lethal loads of industrial pollutants. A July 2000 World Bank sponsored State Environmental Action Plan report lists sections of all these rivers as critically polluted. “Critically Polluted” means that the rivers are close to losing all capacity to sustain life. The report also indicated that the groundwater in 74 out of 184 taluks of Gujarat is poisoned due to industrial pollution. An estimate by a high powered committee of the Supreme Court reported that an alarming 70 percent of Gujarat’s water resources are now contaminated by industrial pollution. Environmental surverys confirm the widespread presence of industrial pollutants which include dangerous levels of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants.
Emerging evidence indicates that the pollutants have entered the food chain through vegetables and fish from the region. Reports from surrounding villages claim that infertility is on the rise, young women suffer from frequent miscarriages, Respiratory and skin diseases are commonplace. In Kolak village, which is sandwiched between the Rivers Damanganga and Kolak, villagers report more than 70 cancer fatalities in 10 years.
The Mitna Machhi, an adivasi community that depended on fish and mudskippers from the muddy riverbanks is now supportless because mudskippers are locally extent due to pollution.

Measures Adopted

For several years the polluting units had a free run letting out effluents as investment in effluent treatment plants is considered as a non productive investment by the industrial sector. When public pressure mounted, the concept of Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) was adopted. In Hyderabad, the first CETP was set up at Jeedimetla followed by one at Patancheru then one more at Bollarum. The CETP at Jeedimetla was set up in 1989 and was meant for waste treatment which was expensive to address at the level of each factory. It has now been modified to operate as a Combined Waste Water Treatment Plant (CWWTP) to overcome the problems caused by load variation.
However, Environmentalists have been opposing the concept of CETP to treat hetero genous effluents and combine industrial waste with domestic sewage. CETPs do nothing to reduce the threat due to toxic heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from industrial waste streams. Rather than clean up pollution, they are a source of high pollution loads through the contaminated wastewater and the large quantities of toxic sludge generated by their processes. Take, for instance the CETP set up in Vapi (Guarat) in 1998. It was to treat the effluent from 800 factories and currently the CETP discharges red, foul smelling effluent into the river Damanganga. An analysis of the treated wastewater revealed the presence of cadmium, chromium and mercury.
The mechanisms employed by the regulatory bodies have been of effluent disposal standards. The waste generators have tended to seek “quick-fix” solutions, response that is essentially aimed at compliance. The result has been the proliferation of retrofits or “add-on” pollution control systems. Even after the installation of the treatment plants some units do not operate them regularly. This is done to save the operating expenses. Pollution control boards maintain that when offenders are tried under the existing acts, there are long delays in disposing off the existing cases. Unless there is a mandatory specification of time within which the court would dispose of all the cases instituted under environmental legislation, offenders will have no interest in complying with regulations.
The Environmental policy regime in India has primarily focused on end-of-the-pipe pollution control measures. An absence of a cradle-to-grave or integrated approach has led to a situation where curative solutions dominate and preventive measures are neglected.

Changes Needed

End–of-pipe pollution control interventions may buy time or partially address the problem. But unless they are implemented with a full understanding of these limitations, such interventions may give the false impression that the problem has been taken care of. It is yet to be realized that there are no real solutions to deal with pollution after it is caused.
“An ounce of prevention is worth a pond of cure” is probably a very trite saying but needs to be quoted to enhance programs rallying for the quality of the environment. Pollution prevention is a term used to describe production technologies and strategies that result in eliminating or reducing production waste streams.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) defines pollution prevention as the use of materials, processes or practices that reduce or eliminate the creation of pollutants or wastes at the source. It includes practices that reduce the use of hazardous materials, energy water or other resources and practices that protect natural resources through conservation or more efficient use. The idea underlying the promotion of pollution prevention is that it makes far more sense for a generator not to produce waste than to develop extensive treatment schemes to ensure that the waste poses no threat to the quality of the environment.
One of the significant benefits is that it is often an economical approach. When wastes are reduced or eliminated, cost savings in materials results thereby more product is produced from the same starting materials. A close examination of manufacturing processes needed to plan successful pollution prevention approach can produce a number of side benefits such as significant improvements in energy and water conservation and improved or more consistent product quality.
Preventive measures like Clean Process Technologies (CPT) are measures which reduce the quantity and the hazards of all the waste streams within the production systems through preventive strategies. In the absence of any effort to popularize CPTs very little attention has been paid to research and development for evolving newer but cleaner technologies.
It must be recognized that CPTs cannot be imported from abroad and transplanted here. Often they have to be modified and adopted to suit Indian conditions in terms of level of automation, unreliable and erratic power supply etc.
A combination of financial, informational and policy level measures need to be devised to promote waste minimization/utilization and the adoption of cleaner technologies.
Environmental audits are an effective tool to improve environmental performance on a continual basis, however if the environmental audit remains an activity confined to filling out the format for submission to the concerned State Pollution Control Boards, nothing much can be expected.

Conclusions

The production of high quality products of a fine and pure standard by using untidy, substandard and outdated technology could soon be caught up in the contradictions and the deficiencies of its present production processes. Economic rationality does not deserve its name if it only accounts for activities within the narrow confines of a industry and of its supply and market situation but disregards damages caused to other areas in the same scenario. The entrepreneurial activities and present day managerial culture does not seem to exactly encourage the timely introduction of changes in the production process in order to prevent irreversible environmental damage but might lead to stop gap solutions.
Long term and real solutions should not be offset by the short sighted self interest of the industry as this would surely stop at eye-wash solutions, which might anyway prove to be somewhat unhealthy and inadequate.

References

1. Freman, M.Harry, “Industrial Pollution Prevention Handbook”, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1995.
2. Jayaram, Nityanand, “Industrial Pollution: Pollute first, pay later”, Survey of the Environment, 2001
3. Bunsha, Dionne, “Mumbai: Polluter gets paid”, Survey of the Environment, 2001
4. Venkataswarlu, K., “Hyderabad: Courts to the Rescue”, Survey of the Environment, 2001
5. Niyati, K.P., “Waste management and minimization-the Indian Scenario”, Proceedings of the Seminar on Waste Management and Low Cost Waste Technologies: The German and Indian Experience, 28-30 Sept, 1992.
6. Bowonder, B., “Efluent Control Systems- A corporate perspective”, Proceedings of the Seminar on Waste Management and Low Cost Waste Technologies: The German and Indian Experience, 28-30 Sept, 1992.
7. Agarwal, S.K., “Industrial Environment: Assessment and strategy”, APH Publishing Corporation, 1996.

Doha

Some dohas I still remember:

1. Bada Hua To Kya Hua, Jaise Ped Khajoor, Panthi Ko Chaya Nahin, Phal Laage Atidoor
2. Kaal Kare So Aaj Kar, Aaj Kare So Ub, Pal Mein Pralaya Hoyegi, Bahuri Karoge Kub
3. Bura Jo Dekhan Main Chala, Bura Naa Milya Koye, Jo Munn Khoja Apnaa, To Mujhse Bura Naa Koye
4. Chalti Chakki Dekh Kar, Diya Kabira Roye, Dui Paatan Ke Beech Mein,Sabit Bacha Na Koye
5. Aisee Vani Boliye, Mun Ka Aapa Khoye, Auran ko sheetal kare, Aapahu sheetal hoye
6. Sayeen Itna Deejiye, Ja Mein Kutumb Samaye, Main Bhi Bhookha Na Rahun, Sadhu Na Bhookha Jaye
7. Maya Mari Na Man Mara, Mar Mar Gaye Shareer, Asha Trishna Na Mari, Keh Gaye Das Kabir
8. Dukh Mein Simran Sab Kare, Sukh Mein Kare Na Koye, Jo Sukh Mein Simran Kare, Tau Dukh Kahe Ko Hoye
   
   

Salwar Kameez

Some salwar kameez designs I liked:

Paintings

Here are some of my paintings: